Post Modern Perspective on Criticism Essay Example for Free

Post Modern Perspective on Criticism Essay Post modernism is one among the highly debated issues that to a great extent has influenced the way human being think and views issues that exist in the present world .however it encounters a resounding critique from those against and support from the for generation whom believe in inevitability of change in all human perspectives.post modern perspective criticism is important because since it provides a promise of deterritorialing modernity and restructuring its political , cultural and social limits as well as affirming social gender and ethic differences as seen human daily interactions. Post modernism bear a world with a resemblance of increasing individual and mass influence on the way we think and see the world in the present times. Artifact chosen                     Martin Luther King Junior speech â€Å"I have a dream† is one of the most famous world speeches that influenced thinking million of Americans both whites and blacks (Kuypers, 2009). The speech was a very powerful tool that spearheaded the thinking of Americans and need of ending racial segregation. We may probably argue that were it not for martin Luther speech, probably the American society may be segregated even in the present. Luther calls for all American to work together towards achieving a fair and one and the same society (King and Washington, 1986). Luther employed well selected and scrutinized rhetoric modes that facilitated the appeal he desired to create to Americans. The power of his speech definitely lays in his authoritative diction and the rhetoric modes applied (Johnstone and Eisenhart, 2008). For instance, the king compares and contrast the lives of the whites a and the Negros were he notes that, the blacks continue to live in slave I n their home country one hundred years after the constitutional declaration that was signed by Lincoln .he further compares the plight of blacks to the lives of the white Americans and says that the blacks are subject to police brutality (Bobbitt, 2007). Although the emancipation proclamation was for all the whites had denied Negros the basic fundamental right granted by the constitution. Additionally, he says that emancipation proclamation came as a joyous day break to the blacks but later on turned to a long night of their captivity (Johnstone and Eisenhart, 2008). This comparison tells the audience how the declaration was of great hope to the suffering blacks, however, their hope turned to despair when the whites denied them of their rights. The Negros was saddened because even after one hundred years there were still in their own world full of pains of the manacles of racial discrimination and segregation. Furthermore, martin adds that justice shall roll like water and righteousness like a mighty stream. I n this context, the king appear to have feeling that he and other will not tire to demand and fight for blacks people rights until they are granted (King and Washington, 1986). Moreover, in his speech King employs a rich content of situational analysis of the representing the current situation interaction and expresses his optimism for a bright future, were both whites and Negros shall sit down under ones table as equal where the blacks will not nbe segregated upon .This dream sent a message of hope to the Negros that a time in coming in future when there will be no discrimination based on color. The dream also portrayed a message to the whites that blacks are tired of being segregated and were in the process of peacefully fight for their fundamental rights. Martin Luther Biography                     Martin Luther King Junior was born in 15th of January, 1929 to Michael king sr. After his father returned from a trip in German, he changed their names to Martin Luther king senior and Martin Luther King Junior. These names were adopted from a religious icon of past, martin Luther was initiated Lutheran denomination. In 1944 King Junior started his higher education at Morehouse College (Haskins and King 1992). Before then, the rampant racial discrimination and segregation had caused a lot of tension especially in New York and Michigan (Bobbitt, 2007). He later graduated with a degree in sociology and was after wards appointed his father’s assistant at the Ebenezer Baptist church. While King Junior was in graduate school he had bitter memories of house bias that existed in the American society. He says that when trying to find a house to live, he went to place in Boston where there was a sign â€Å"house for rent†. (Haskins and King, 1992. Martin literates that the houses were for rent until the servants realized he was a Negro and then the situation changed suddenly, the houses were already rented. In 1952 Martin Luther king junior met his wife Coretta; they married and were blessed with four children. Martin says that his wife was the source of strength and at some points she was much stronger that the king. On January of 1956, a strange occurrence happened whereby, Martin’s home was bombed. However, guided by his religious policy and believes of non-violence King calmly accepted the incident and even urged all the believers to go home after the meetings and adhere to policy of non-violence, a policy that is evident in his speech. Luther delisvered his famous speech â€Å"I have a dream† in 1963 in Washington during job and freedom, to address racial injustices that he and other human rights activist were against. His life came to an end when he was assassinated by James Earl Ray in 1968 at Memphis Tennessee Haskins, and King 1992). Martin Luther had just delivered another type of his legendary speech, â€Å" I have been to the mountain-top†. Martin Luther Junior died at 39 year and was buried on 9th of April, 1968 in Atlanta (King and Washington 1986). Until his death, the king was proud of his title â€Å"the preacher† because he believed that his vocation a nd strength were essential at healing the scar of racial discrimination and segregation that blacks had and giving the hope of a new dawn Metaphorical analysis                     Metaphorically Martin Luther s life that was filled with many ups and downs ideally represents the struggle and tribulations that Negros underwent in the hands of heartless whites. The passion that made him move forward to defend the welfare of the blacks shows the suffering the forced Negros and other human rights activist stand out and form liberation movements. Kings life is a clear indication of how an individual action may have resounding impact to present and future generations (Johnstone and Eisenhart, 2008). The metaphors used in the speech serves a very important role in making the audience clearly understand the message. In criticism where metaphors are used the analysis, the analysis of the artifact involves examining it for its context and dimensions and the isolating the metaphors to identify the underlined meaning that makes the artifact more appealing (Bobbitt, 2007). For instance, the artifact chosen, â€Å" I have a dream â€Å"is crammed with metaphors that ideally communicated the necessity of eradicating racial discrimination and segregation in United States of America .most of the metaphors the king uses are soft but the message is conveyed in a very unique way. For example Martin’s say that it is the high time to lift America from chains of injustices to high heights of freedom and equality (Hasand , 1992). Through this metaphor King intent to plea to all people that racism will not make the nation strong but will separate it .It is through social justice that a st rong and prosperous country will be build. Conclusion                     In a summary the metaphorical analysis appear as the best method for the critical analysis of the speech, â€Å"I have a dream† in the modern perspective. It clearly and precisely articulates ethos and logos making the whites realize their injustice towards the Negros. Additionally the method plays a very critical role in awakening the blacks to form liberation movement in demand of the rights granted by the constitutional declaration. References Bobbitt, D. A. (2007). The rhetoric of redemption: Kenneth Burkes redemption drama and Martin Luther King, Jr.s I have a dream speech. Lanham, Md: Rowman Littefield Publishers. Haskins, J., King, M. L. (1992). I have a dream: The life and words of Martin Luther King, Jr. Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press. Johnstone, B., Eisenhart, C. (2008). Rhetoric in detail: Discourse analyses of rhetorical talk and text. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Jr. Lanham [u.a.: Lexington Books. Manheimer, A. S. (2005). Martin Luther King Jr: Dreaming of equality. King, M. L., Washington, J. M. (1986). I have a dream: Writings and speeches that changed the world. New York: HarperCollins Kuypers, J. A. (2009). Rhetorical criticism: Perspectives in action. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books. Echols, J. (2004). I have a dream: Martin Luther King Jr. and the future of multicultural America. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. Source document

Nursing Instructor Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

Nursing Instructor PHYSICAL HISTORY: My clinical rotation was at St. Francis Hospital on the orthopedic/medical-surgical floor, 5-1. I was assigned JB for a patient 10/7 and 10/8. He was one day post-op from an elective bilateral knee arthroplasty. JB is a 69 year old Caucasian male who stands 6 feet tall and weighs 251 pounds. He has a history of hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, degenerative joint disease, and renal calculi. Medications taken at home: Nifedipine 60 mg. QD to manage his hypertension and nonsteriodal anti-inflammatories for the DJD. JB's major problem is the degenerative joint disease (DJD) also referred to as osteoarthritis. According to Colodny, more than 50 million Americans suffer from osteoarthritis and nearly everyone 50 years of age or older is afflicted with one or more of its classic symptoms. "Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion." (Lewis et al. 1896) "DJD is a slowly progressive disorder of mobile joints, particularly weight-bearing articulations, and is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage."(lewis et al. 1896) "In the afflicted joint, the connective tissue (cartilage) that cushions the ends of the bone degenerates and allows the bones to rub together. This bone-to-bone contact can be extremely painful." (Colodny, 24) JB recalled his knee difficulties beginning in early adolescence. He had no specific injury, but the discomfort began a few months after he became involved in athletics. His surgical history consists of two knee operations. The first surgery was at age 16 and the second was several years later. He has been treated frequently over the years for this problem. Recently the number of physician's visits has increased ... ...zed manner. My interventions were appropriate and corresponded with the overall medical team's approach in caring for this patient. A considerable amount of time went into establishing a trusting nurse/patient relationship. That enabled me along with the patient to develop a workable nursing care plan and have a valuable learning experience. Works Cited Lewis, S. M., I. C. Collier. and M.M. Heitkemper. Medical-Surgical Nursing. St. Louis:Mosby, 1996. Potter, P. A., and A.G. Ferry. Fundamentals of Nursing. Missouri: Mosby. 1997. Yandrich. terry J. "Preventing Infection in Total Joint Replacement Surgery" OrthoPaedic Nursing. March/April, 1995:15-19. Kasmot, Keith. "Catching Deep Vein Thrombosis in Time" Nursing. October, 1994:34-42. Colodny, L., and W. Minale. "Osteoarthritis -is there relief in sight?" Better Nutrition. June, 1997:24.

Market

The product as the first p something that is taken to the market to be noticed, sold, applied, or consumed; which is possible to satisfy a need or desire. Product can be a physical object, service, location, organization, or even an Idea or thought (Mob All et al, 1385: 195). The ultimate goal of organizations Is to produce the products which are better and superior In one or more aspects compared with others to be welcomed by customers and make them to pay well for each product (Cutler, 179:1379).Vaginal in an article with the title of McDonald: the globalization thought y using marketing mix states that in marketing mix, McDonald has offered its product by creating a standard procedure that is the same in all parts of the world, according to the tastes and traditions of different countries and their laws. For instance, Big Mac is served without cheese in Israel, or it is served in Indian McDonald's restaurants with specific types of vegetables and lamb meat. And also the limitation s which are imposed by various religions are considered (vaginal, 2001 : 99). 1. Brand The name and logo of a product is an Important component of goods in consumers' sews, and the brand name adds value to every goods. For example, consumers consider a bottle of cologne with famous brand name, as an expensive and high- quality merchandise. But If this bottle lacks any Indication of the brand, even If the flavor is similar, shall be considered as low quality merchandise. The brand differentiates the goods and services that are offered by competitors. A good brand makes the consumer loyal. A research showed that among the present dish washing liquids, the housewives are the most loyal to Gold,Jam, and Risk.These three groups f customers buy their desired dish washing liquid regularly. The interesting point was that all customers have considered the same characteristics for a good dish washing liquid (e. G. Cleaning power, concentration, high foam, etc). But it was believed that only t he dish washing liquid that is bought by them (In other words, they are loyal to) has all those qualities. In other words, those who bought Goal dish washing liquid believed that Goal has all the qualities of a good product, and those who bought Jam, thought that Jam Is better than other dish washing liquids Assimilate, 185:1381).According to the arguments presented, the value of brand name can lead to a product's reputation and induction of high quality product to its customers, make a very strong image in the minds of customers, and become one of the major assets of a company. 1. 2. Packaging There is 8000 years statistics about packing in which packaging has been used as the containers were made of clay and glaze rough mats in Mesopotamia and Egypt. The customers identify a product through its packaging. Package transfers the producer's assuage to the buyer and communicates and exchanges Information between them.The packaging gives Identity to the product, and protects the protec t against Impact, moisture, climatic conditions, odors, fumes, vibration, microorganisms, pressure, collapse and Insects (spearheaded, 1384: 13). Also the packaging protects the goods, makes adolescently, beauty, product safety, easier storage of goods and products (Smiles Pour, 192:1381). If the package is done in a great way, it gains interest to Pricing, is the monetary value of goods and services or the amount of benefit that nonusers particularly pay for the benefits of having or using the product or service.Pricing simply means determining the price for the product or service (Ecological et al. , 1385: 1). Vaginal states that McDonald's in price marketing mix used different strategies for pricing in different countries. For example, it used strategies such as cost based on the target strategy, the ultimate cost plus a percentage of profit, or prestigious pricing. For example, a Big Mac in the United States is equivalent to 14 minutes work of a worker a day, but in a country li ke Nigeria it is equivalent to several hours of work (2001: 101 vaginal).Types of pricing methods in dealing with competitors The competitors may price their products in four ways: 1 . Pricing based on cooperation: the price is determined by cooperation and consensus with partners. This situation occurs mostly in competitive oligopolies markets. 2. Adaptive pricing: market leader and main shareholders determine the price, and the others price their products according to them. Opportunistic pricing: n some markets, when a supplier increases the price for its products, a rival that has good resources might not change the price of its product.Sometimes, in the case of the increase in prices by a producer, the rival increases the prices, but tries to offer more services to attract part of customers of the company which first increased prices. This method is called opportunistic pricing. 4. Punitive pricing: some suppliers who are able and good facilities, in order to eliminate smaller c ompetitors, lower prices for their products. Sometimes this method will result in removal of small suppliers from the market (Flask, 1386: 169).According to the arguments presented, the pricing strategy of a product, when the product is part of a group of products, has different characteristics. In this case, the organization considers overall prices of one group in order to maximize profits. The firms, after codifying pricing strategy, are faced with conditions in which they are compelled to reduce or increase prices, and marketers need to respond to the change in pricing strategies and develop other strategies.

“ Literacy Is Far More Than Reading and Writing; It...

â€Å" Literacy is far more than reading and writing; it involves critical thinking as well† Within today’s teaching practices literacy has come to be a major part of the course curriculum when teaching early years, it has numerous definitions and meanings to individual people as it continues to be developed through our rapidly changing world. The definition of literacy â€Å" has to do with having the skills and knowledge to create, locate, analyse, comprehend and use a variety of written, visual, aural and multi-model texts for a range of purposes, audiences and contexts†(Wing, J. L.2009.p3). Literacy is far more than reading and writing, it also involves critical thinking where it tests someone’s understanding of a balanced literacy program†¦show more content†¦The four practices help the reader achieve purpose. â€Å"In most cases readers will use all of these practices interactively as they access, use, reflect on , and respond to the text they have chosen†(Winch et al. 2001. p45). A practice in particular that is considered of high importance in a literacy program is the text analyst, which involves critical reading. Winch et al, (2001) describes text analyst as the way readers analyse and accept or challenge the authors point of view. Working from the belief that texts contain the authors prejudices and preconceptions and that the readers therefore can read critically, taking into account the writers view and opinions. Teachers use this practice by asking pertinent questions to try and ascertain the child’s interpretation of the book in question and it is up to the teacher to try and ask the student relevant questions to draw upon the child’s feelings, ideas and what they think about the text. Typical teaching strategies of balanced literacy program can be vast. Depending on what you are teaching wether its reading, writing speaking or listening each key area have a variety of different strategies to use to help the students learn. 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